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Recognizing peripheral ecosystems in marine protected areas: A case study T of golden jellyfish lakes in Raja Ampat, Indonesia
Peripheral marine ecosystems - such as marine lakes, anchialine caves, and cenotes - attract significant attention from tourism due to their relatively pristine environments and propensity to harbor endemic diversity. Tourism interest can have socio-economic benefits for local communities, can lead to an awareness towards management of the ecosystem and prevent de- structive exploitation. However, if tourism is not managed effectively, recreational use of peripheral marine ecosystems may have devastating effects, particu- larly in combination with other stressors such as climate change. Prime examples of peripheral ecosystems that are tourism magnets are “jellyfish lakes”, landlocked marine lakes containing dense populations of golden jellyfish, Mastigias spp.